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LunaCalc

Physics

Buck Converter Calculator

Estimate ideal buck-converter duty cycle and minimum inductance.

Calculator
V
V
A
%
H
uH

About this calculator

This buck converter calculator estimates duty cycle and minimum inductance for ideal continuous-mode voltage conversion.

Formula notes

duty = output voltage / input voltage x 100; minimum inductance = (input - output) x output / (input x ripple current x frequency).

Worked examples

  1. Example: 12 V input, 5 V output at 100 kHz with 0.5 A ripple gives a duty cycle near 41.7%, and minimum inductance about 58.3 H.
  2. With 4 V input, 2 V output at 100 kHz, and 0.5 A ripple, the ideal duty cycle is 50% and minimum inductance is 20 uH.

How to use it

  1. Enter input and output voltages.
  2. Set switching frequency and desired ripple current.
  3. Read the ideal duty cycle and minimum inductor value.

Frequently asked questions

Does this include losses?

No. Inductor resistance, switches, rectifier drops, and loop delays are not modeled.

Can I use this for continuous operation?

The result is a primary estimation for continuous-mode design; choose rated and margin values for real hardware.

Limits and interpretation

  • The design assumes ideal continuous-mode conversion; losses, parasitic capacitance, feedback, and startup conditions are missing.
  • Choose inductors rated for temperature, saturation current, and AC resistance, not only the calculated minimum.

References